Cache Invalidation Isn't One Problem: It's Three Layers With Different Guarantees
RFC 9111, Cloudflare's rebuilt purge pipeline, and Facebook's memcache paper show cache invalidation as three layers, each with a trigger and failure mode.
Software Engineer & Tech Writer
Khanh Nguyen
Software Engineer passionate about technology, business, and economics. I enjoy building scalable software products, exploring emerging technologies, and sharing practical insights through writing. My interests include software engineering, startups, AI, digital products, market trends, and business strategy.
Stories by Khanh Nguyen
The Impossible Trinity: Why Hong Kong's Peg and China's Capital Controls Are Two Sides of the Same Trade-Off
Hong Kong's dollar peg and China's capital controls look opposite, but both are answers to the same economic trilemma: pick two of three, never all three.
Why Credit Card Rates React to the Fed Faster Than Mortgages Do
How a central bank's overnight policy rate moves through prime rate, credit cards, mortgages and savings accounts at very different speeds.
Carbon Taxes Range From 11 Cents to $170 for the Same Ton of CO2
Carbon taxes span 11 cents in Poland to $169.71 in Norway per ton of CO2, per Tax Foundation Europe. Here is what actually explains that 1,500-fold gap.
Why Bonds Tokenize Easily and Real Estate Still Doesn't
Tokenized Treasuries top $13B on-chain; tokenized real estate stays under $250M combined. The reason: bonds were already digital, buildings never were.
zk-SNARKs vs zk-STARKs: What Benchmark Data Shows About Speed, Size, and Quantum Risk
zk-SNARK and zk-STARK proof size, speed, and quantum-resistance data, and how that tradeoff shapes ZK-Rollups, digital identity, and compliance today.
Session Cookies vs. JWTs in 2026: Why Revocation, Not Statelessness, Is the Real Trade-Off
OWASP calls JWT-based sessions "frowned upon." Here is the real 2026 trade-off between stateful cookies and stateless JWTs, and how to secure each one.
What Get-Rich Books Don't Show You: The Data Behind Survivorship Bias
Studies of bestselling wealth books, mutual funds, and startups show the same pattern: winners get studied, losers get erased, and the lesson is often wrong.
The Market for Lemons: How Hidden Quality Wrecks a Market
Asymmetric information about quality can push good products out of a market entirely. Akerlof's 1970 lemons model explains why, and how markets adapt.